The Bauhaus school was founded by Walter Gropius in Weimar. The Bauhaus did not have an architecture department during the first years of its existence. The idea of the Bauhaus was creating a 'total' work of art in which all arts, including architecture would eventually be brought together. The Bauhaus style became one of the most influential movements in Modernist architecture and modern design. The school existed in three German cities, Weimer, Dessau, and Berlin but it had to close by its own leadership because of the pressure from the Nazi’s.
This is the first Bauhaus poster, During the summer of 1923, the first Bauhaus exhibition took place in Weimar. Joost Schmidt, who later became a Bauhaus instructor but was still a student at the time, designed an exhibition poster that was used to promote the event across the entire country.
By using the colours of red and black, it demonstrates early characteristics of the 'New Typography'. The text is inserted into an abstract concept of diagonal bars and circular segments in a way that the most important pieces of information, the words Bauhaus, exhibition and Weimar immediately catch the eye. The diagonal tilt of the image brings emphasis on the round Bauhaus logo created by Oskar Schlemmer, which is placed in the upper left part of the figure, forms a visual pivot point. All of the Bauhaus posters took on this type of style.
The teaching program was organized in the form of workshops to produce work that was both aesthetically pleasing and useful. The reason for this program was so that the modernization process could be mastered by means of design. As a result, in 1923 the Bauhaus turned its attention to industry. The first major Bauhaus exhibition which was opened in 1923 reflected the principle of art and technology.
The Bauhaus typeface design is based on Herbert Bayer's 1925 experimental Universal typeface. In Bayer's philosophy for type design, he felt that serifs were unnecessary, and he also felt there was no need for an upper and lower case for each letter. Part of his thinking and promoting this concept was to simplify typesetting and typewriter keyboard layouts .The Bauhaus set principles of typographic communication, which were the beginnings of a style called "The New Typography."
What is Typography?
1. Typography is shaped by functional requirements.
2. The aim of typographic layout is communication and the Communication must appear in the shortest, simplest, and most interesting form.
This is a picture of Walter Gropius’s house. As you can see the architecture is very modern with the small windows and miminalist style even though it was built in the 1930’s .Bauhaus architecture developed in Germany in the 1920s and later in the U.S., in the 1930s. Bauhaus Architecture grasps architecture in terms of space versus mass. Bauhaus buildings are usually cubic, right angles, (although some feature rounded corners and balconies); they have smooth facades and an open floor plan.
The designer and Bauhaus instructor, Marcel Breuer, first introduced the use of tubular steel in furniture design when he debuted his Wassily chair in 1925. He taught at the Bauhaus school from 1924 to 1928, and though trained as an architect, taught furniture design at the school. The Wassily chair had a chrome plated tubular steel frame and leather upholstery capturing the Bauhaus philosophy of functional form.
The Bauhaus Design Movement had an important impact on the development of Modern Design and Architecture in the twentieth century. It was forward in its techniques when the furniture is representing these important modernistic ideas. The forms in the Bauhaus furniture are frequently simple and light without decorative parts just following the needs of the consumer. Used materials are steel, glass, bent wood, leathers and plastic, and the most used colors are generally black, white, brown, grey.
In my opinion the Bauhaus movement had a very high impact on how we see art and design today. The Bauhaus artists wanted to create a modern world, and its the same world we live in today. If you look at architecture, furniture, typography and so on that is created now, you can still see the Bauhaus influence.
2. The aim of typographic layout is communication and the Communication must appear in the shortest, simplest, and most interesting form.
The designer and Bauhaus instructor, Marcel Breuer, first introduced the use of tubular steel in furniture design when he debuted his Wassily chair in 1925. He taught at the Bauhaus school from 1924 to 1928, and though trained as an architect, taught furniture design at the school. The Wassily chair had a chrome plated tubular steel frame and leather upholstery capturing the Bauhaus philosophy of functional form.
The Bauhaus Design Movement had an important impact on the development of Modern Design and Architecture in the twentieth century. It was forward in its techniques when the furniture is representing these important modernistic ideas. The forms in the Bauhaus furniture are frequently simple and light without decorative parts just following the needs of the consumer. Used materials are steel, glass, bent wood, leathers and plastic, and the most used colors are generally black, white, brown, grey.
In my opinion the Bauhaus movement had a very high impact on how we see art and design today. The Bauhaus artists wanted to create a modern world, and its the same world we live in today. If you look at architecture, furniture, typography and so on that is created now, you can still see the Bauhaus influence.
